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1.
Zhaoxia Chu Guijian Liu Zhongbing Dong Xianwen Lu Guangzhou Chen Fugeng Zha 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(1):36
Copper mine tailings pose many threats to the surrounding environment and human health, and thus, their remediation is fundamental. Coal spoil is the waste by-product of coal mining and characterized by low levels of metals, high content of organic matter, and many essential microelements. This study was designed to evaluate the role of coal spoil on heavy uptake and physiological responses of Lolium perenne L. grown in copper mine tailings amended with coal spoil at rates of 0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20%. The results showed that applying coal spoil to copper mine tailings decreased the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn contents in tailings and reduced those metal contents in both roots and shoots of the plant. However, application of coal spoil increased the DTPA-extractable Cr concentration in tailings and also increased Cr uptake and accumulation by Lolium perenne L. The statistical analysis of physiological parameters indicated that chlorophyll and carotenoid increased at the lower amendments of coal spoil followed by a decrease compared to their respective controls. Protein content was enhanced at all the coal spoil amendments. When treated with coal spoil, the activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) responded differently. CAT activity was inhibited, but POD activity was increased with increasing amendment ratio of coal spoil. SOD activity increased up to 1% coal spoil followed by a decrease. Overall, the addition of coal spoil decreased the oxidative stress in Lolium perenne L., reflected by the reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the plant. It is concluded that coal spoil has the potential to stabilize most metals studied in copper mine tailings and ameliorate the harmful effects in Lolium perenne L. through changing the physiological attributes of the plant grown in copper mine tailings. 相似文献
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成体神经发生是脊椎动物中广泛存在的一种生物学特征。成体硬骨鱼类的脑展现出强烈的神经活性以及出色的脑修复能力,这使得硬骨鱼类成为研究成体神经发生和脑修复的一个理想的模型。本文克隆了成体稀有鮈鲫(Gobiocypris rarus)脑组织中神经发生及脑修复相关的hes5、pax6、sox11和prox1基因的部分c DNA序列并进行了序列分析。序列分析结果表明,pax6和sox11基因片段与斑马鱼(Danio rerio)对应的基因片段的同源性最高,分别为97%和94%;hes5基因与鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)相对应的基因片段的同源性最高,为92%;prox1基因在物种间的同源性最低。基于稀有鮈鲫和已知物种相应基因的核苷酸序列构建了系统发育树,发现稀有鮈鲫prox1基因与其他硬骨鱼类的亲缘关系最远。本文为进一步开展神经毒性类化学品对水生生物鱼类的成体神经毒性作用机制研究提供了分子生物学基础。 相似文献
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氯酚类化合物对青鱼和细鳞斜颌鯝幼鱼的毒性 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
以我国特有青鱼和细鳞斜颌鯝为受试物种,利用其生命早期阶段的急性毒性LC50值和28d慢性生长抑制试验所获得的最大可接受浓度(MATC)评价了3种氯酚类化合物的毒性效应.实验结果显示,2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP),2,4,6-三氯酚(2,4,6-TCP)和五氯酚(PCP)对青鱼和细鳞斜颌鯝的的96hLC50值分别为4.01(3.61~4.68)、1.22(1.12~1.31)、0.10(0.08~0.11)mg·mL-1和2.48(1.94~2.89)、1.10(0.38~1.36)、0.09(0.08~0.10)mg·mL-1,且3种氯酚类化合物对青鱼的毒性和细鳞斜颌鲴的毒性存在良好的线性相关性.根据化学物质对鱼类毒性分级标准,PCP对青鱼和细鳞斜颌鲴均为剧毒,2,4-DCP和2,4,6-TCP对青鱼和细鳞斜颌鲴均为高毒.青鱼对2,4-DCP,2,4,6-TCP和PCP的MATC分别为0.05mg·mL-1、0.10mg·mL-1和0.015mg·mL-1,对应的急慢性毒性比(ACR)分别为80.2、12.2和6.67;细鳞斜颌鲴对2,4-DCP、2,4,6-TCP和PCP的MATC分别为0.30mg·mL-1、0.15mg·mL-1和0.01mg·mL-1,对应ACR分别为8.27、7.33和9.00. 相似文献
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本文选择辽河流域6个支流表层沉积物作为研究对象,利用2种底栖生物(摇蚊幼虫和河蚬)活体毒性测试方法评价了辽河流域表层沉积物毒性.研究结果显示,所有表层沉积物对摇蚊幼虫有毒性效应,显著降低了摇蚊幼虫的存活率(p<0.05);河蚬存活率有所降低,但差异不显著.沉积物活体毒性甄别结果发现,长沟子以有机物污染为主,付家窝堡和柴河以重金属污染为主,一统河和潮沟河以有机物和氨氮污染为主,而柳河以重金属和氨氮污染为主.综上所述,沉积物活体毒性甄别方法能有效甄别致毒污染物类别,同时表明不同种类底栖生物对沉积物毒性存在敏感性差异. 相似文献
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Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Concern over steroid estrogens has increased rapidly in recent years due to their adverse health effects. Effluent discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is the main pollutant source for environmental water. To understand the pollutant level and fate of steroid estrogens in WWTPs, the occurrence of estrone (E1), 17-β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and 17-β-ethinylestradiol (EE2) was investigated in the Gaobeidian WWTP in Beijing, China. Water samples from influent as well as effluent from second sedimentation tanks and advanced treatment processes were taken monthly during 2006 to 2007. In influent, steroid estrogen concentrations varied from 11.6 to 1.1?×?10(2)?ng/l, 3.7 to 1.4?×?10(2)?ng/l, no detection (nd) to 7.6×10(2)?ng/l and nd to 3.3?×?10(2)?ng/l for E1, E2, E3, and EE2, respectively. Compared with documented values, the higher steroid estrogen concentrations in the WWTP influent may be due to higher population density, higher birthrate, less dilution, and different sampling time. Results revealed that a municipal WWTP with an activated sludge system incorporating anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic processes could eliminate natural and synthetic estrogens effectively. The mean elimination efficiencies were 83.2%, 96.4%, 98.8%, and 93.0% for E1, E2, E3, and EE2, respectively. The major removal mechanism for natural estrogens and synthetic estrogen EE2 were biodegradation and sorption on the basis of mass balance in water, suspension particles, and sludge. In the WWTP effluent, however, the highest concentrations of E1, E2, E3, and EE2 attained were 74.2, 3.9, 5.1, and 4.6?ng/l, respectively. This is concerning as residual steroid estrogens in WWTP effluent could lead to pollution of the receiving water. Advanced flocculation treatment was applied in the WWTP and transformed the residual estrogen conjugates to free species, which were reduced further by filtration with removal shifting from 32% to 57% for natural estrogen, although no EE2 was removed. 相似文献
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Zha Zhenqiu Li Guoao Lv Yili Liu Lingli He Jialiu Xu Wei Dai Dan Liu Zhirong Huang Fen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(30):45716-45729
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Recently, the burden of lung cancer (LC) has attracted global attention. Meanwhile, LC has become the leading cause of death in China. Many studies... 相似文献
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南太平洋和加勒比海国家是我国开展应对气候变化南南合作的重点对象之一。目前我国已通过应对气候变化物资赠送、培训等方式与部分国家开展了气候变化合作,但总体来看尚处于探索阶段,对其合作需求了解得尚不够深入,且缺乏整体系统性的谋划和战略。通过调查问卷、面对面访谈和分析现有合作相结合的方式,发现南太平洋和加勒比海国家应对气候变化合作需求主要集中在资金支持、能力建设和基础设施建设等方面。未来,我国可通过在现有合作框架下与南太平洋和加勒比海国家展开气候合作,打造气候变化的战略共识;不断优化和深化目前开展的应对气候变化南南合作项目,提高合作的针对性;通过抓重点领域开展深度合作等方式不断加强合作,提升我国在全球气候治理方面的影响力;做好舆论宣传工作,加强在气候治理经验方面的交流;开展多方合作;鼓励私营部门交流,增强互信程度。 相似文献